[81] Bill Clinton said about the funeral: "I don't think I have ever seen a greater outpouring of the world's appreciation and the world's love for a human being than I've seen today. Biography. [64] After 1995 Hussein became increasingly critical of Saddam's rule in Iraq. [85] After renouncing ties to the West Bank in 1988, he remained committed to solving the conflict. She is exactly two months older than Prince Hussein, who was born on June 28, 1994. [61] Jordan also concentrated its forces near its border with Israel. [72] Abdullah, who was 36 years old at the time, enjoyed great support from the army. [37] Hussein wanted to oust the fedayeen from the country, but hesitated to strike because he did not want his enemies to use it against him by equating Palestinian fighters with civilians. [67] The Mossad operatives were released by Jordan after Israel agreed to release 23 Jordanian and 50 Palestinian prisoners including Sheikh Ahmed Yassin. "[13] On 29 October 1956, the Suez Crisis erupted in Egypt, as Britain, France, and Israel launched a military offensive to seize control of the canal. According to Hussein, he was a 40th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad as he belonged to the Hashemite family which has ruled Jordan since 1921. [50] Subsequent talks between the PLO and Jordan collapsed after the PLO refused to make concessions; in a speech Hussein announced that "after two long attempts, I and the government of Jordan hereby announce that we are unable to continue to coordinate politically with the PLO leadership until such time as their word becomes their bond, characterized by commitment, credibility and constancy. [85] His 58 secret meetings held with Israeli representatives since 1963 culminated in the signing of the IsraelJordan peace treaty in 1994, which he considered to be his "crowning achievement. [6] Hussein was also shot, but the bullet was deflected by a medal on his uniform that his grandfather had given him. A Valley man accused of murdering his actress mother may be the son of King Hussein of Jordan, . Jordan's government has accused former crown prince Hamzah bin Hussein, the half-brother of the country's ruler King Abdullah II, of plotting to "destabilize" the country. [55] Although most members of the commission were regime loyalists, it included a number of opposition figures and dissidents. This biography profiles his childhood, family, rule, reforms, achievements and gives some . "[83] Hussein was succeeded as king by his eldest son, Abdullah II.[81]. [63] Subsequent peace talks continued in Washington, D.C., stretching from December 1991 to September 1993. [67] Several dissidents were imprisoned including Laith Shubeilat, a prominent Islamist. [2], From an affair with the American Jewish actress Susan Cabot Hussein had an alleged illegitimate son, Timothy. [56] On 18 April riots in Ma'an spread to other southern towns such as Al-Karak and Tafila, where the New York Times reported that around 4,000 people gathered in the streets and clashed with the police,[56] resulting in six protesters killed and 42 injured, and two policemen killed and 47 injured. Under his leadership, Jordan weathered all the crises, revolutions, violence and. [3] During one cold Ammani winter, his baby sister Princess Asma died from pneumonia, an indication of how poor his family was then they could not afford heating in their house. [25] He was later pardoned and released after Hussein received a plea from the cook's daughter. Feeble and witless congressmen posture and puff their chests at China, hoping to receive some pickup on social media. [89] Renamed in 2002 to the King Hussein Cancer Center in honor of the late King, the center is a leading medical facility in the region, treating around 4,000 patients each year. [64] Jordan's relations with the United States greatly improved: $700million worth of Jordan's debt was forgiven by the United States Congress, and Bill Clinton's administration authorized a substantial flow of aid to Jordan. [55] The last parliamentary election had taken place in 1967, just before Jordan lost the West Bank, and when the parliament's tenure ended in 1971, no elections could be held due to the fact that the West Bank was under Israeli occupation, but the West Bank's status became irrelevant after Jordan's disengagement in 1988. [97], Hussein was a trained pilot, flying both airplanes and helicopters as a hobby. [95] He was popular in the amateur radio community and insisted that fellow operators refer to him without his title. He attended Victoria College in Alexandria, Egypt, and Harrow School in England, and later attended the Royal Military Academy of Sandhurst, England. [10], The teenaged king inherited the throne not only of Jordan, but also of the West Bank, captured by Jordan during the 1948 ArabIsraeli War and annexed in 1950. If we look at even a flu epidemic, it affected both of us. [81] Khaled Mashal was also in the same room as the Mossad leaders who had tried to assassinate him just two years earlier. [52], Jordan's disengagement from the West Bank led to a slowing of the Jordanian economy. Hussein was 24 years old and recently divorced when he met Cabot, who gained moderate fame in the . [20] As a counterweight, Hussein and his cousin, King Faisal II of Hashemite Iraq, established the Arab Federation on 14 February 1958 in an Amman ceremony. [81] An estimated 800,000 Jordanians braved chilly winds to bid their leader farewell. [25] One involved replacing his nose drops with strong acid. Hussein, a constitutional monarch, started his rule with what was termed a "liberal experiment", allowing in 1956 the formation of the only democratically elected government in Jordan's history. [10] One reprisal operation by Israel became known as the Qibya massacre; it resulted in the death of 66 civilians in the West Bank village of Qibya. [55] The National Charter sought to set a timetable for democratization acts. Hussein was born in Amman on 14 November 1935 to Crown Prince Talal and Princess Zein al-Sharaf. King Hussein bin Talal (1935-1999) His Majesty King Hussein bin Talal, the father of modern Jordan, will always be remembered as a leader who guided his country through strife and turmoil to become an oasis of peace, stability and moderation in the Middle East. said the King, 'They can fly lower!' If there are any worries it is Jordan that should be worried. [85] He was known to pardon political opponents and dissidents, including those who had attempted to assassinate him. . [99] In 1986 Timothy killed his mother. [67] Clinton later managed to get Israel's approval to reveal the name of the antidote, and complained about Netanyahu: "This man is impossible! Biography. [10] Upon assuming the throne, he appointed Fawzi Mulki as prime minister. [48], When the PLO moved to Lebanon from Jordan after 1970, repeated attacks and counter-attacks occurred in southern Lebanon between the PLO and Israel. [55] Protesters accused Zaid Al-Rifai's government of rampant corruption and demanded that the martial law in place since 1957 be lifted and parliamentary elections be resumed. [47] Some see it as ironic that it was the same brigade that had been sent to deter the Syrian invasion during Black September in 1970. The royal family announced in August 2022 that the prince was engaged to Rajwa Khaled bin Musaed bin Saif . Hussein bin Talal (Arabic: Husayn bin Tall) (November 14, 1935 - February 7, 1999) was born in Amman to Prince Talal bin Abdullah and Princess Zein al-Sharaf bint Jamil, of the royal Hashemite family. [10] Abu Al-Huda lasted only a year, and the government underwent reshuffling three times within the following year. [48] The Accords formed the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel, and allowed the withdrawal of Israel from the Sinai. Mini Bio (1) Abdullah II King Of Jordan was born on January 30, 1962 in Amman, Jordan. Full body measurements, dress & shoe size will be updated soon. [80], Hussein's flag-draped coffin, accompanied by honor guard troops wearing Keffiyeh, was taken on a 90-minute procession through the streets of the capital city of Amman. He is a celebrity world leader. [64] Hussein drew parallels between Rabin's assassination and his grandfather's assassination in 1951: "We are not ashamed, nor are we afraid, nor are we anything but determined to continue the legacy for which my friend fell, as did my grandfather in this city when I was with him and but a boy. [65], Hussein's support for Netanyahu soon backfired. Jordan's ruler from 1953 to 1999 who is credited with modernizing his . His Majesty King Abdullah II, accompanied by Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah, lays the foundation stone for the King Hussein Cancer Centre's King King Hussein was the King of Jordan from 1952 until his death in 1999. [51], On 9 December 1987 an Israeli truck driver ran over four Palestinians in a Gaza refugee camp, sparking unrest that spread to violent demonstrations in the West Bank. [63] The Accords were held in secrecy between Arafat and Rabin without Hussein's knowledge, completely marginalizing Jordan and the Palestinian-Jordanian delegation in Washington. Rania is a strong progressive female voice in the Arab world and a powerful. [72], In October 1998 Bill Clinton invited Hussein, during his stay at the clinic for chemotherapy treatment, to attend the Wye Plantation talks after a stalemate was reached between the Israeli and Palestinian delegations. It is the courage to face reality. Jordans ruler from 1953 to 1999 who is credited with modernizing his country. [51] He helped mobilize Arab support for Iraq against Iran, and for Jordan's peace efforts, and helped to end the decade-long Arab boycott of Egypt a boycott that began after it unilaterally signed a peace treaty with Israel in 1979. Timothy served a prison sentence for involuntary manslaughter and died in 2003.[100]. [25] UAR agents assassinated Prime Minister Majali with a bomb planted in his office. They called him " Hayenuka ," the child. He also accused him of abusing his powers as regent and crown prince. [76], Upon his arrival in Jordan, after a six-month medical absence from the country, he announced he was "completely cured. [61] In late August and early September Hussein visited twelve Western and Arab capitals in an effort to promote a peaceful resolution. [44] Sadat then invited Al-Rifai and Hussein to a summit on 10 September 1973 with him and Hafez Al-Assad, who had become president of Syria. Hussein, in full usayn ibn all, (born November 14, 1935, Amman, Transjordan [now Jordan]died February 7, 1999, Amman, Jordan), king of Jordan from 1953 to 1999 and a member of the Hashemite dynasty, considered by many Muslims to be among the Ahl al-Bayt ("People of the House," the direct descendants of the Prophet Muhammad) and the King Hussein of Jordan has been a part of the World Leader list. She attended Syracuse University. [45] Between 10 September and 6 October, Hussein secretly met with Israeli prime minister Golda Meir in Tel Aviv on 25 September. Hussein recounting his secret meetings with Israeli representatives[30], The events at Samu triggered large-scale anti-Hashemite protests in the West Bank for what they perceived as Hussein's incompetency for defending them against Israel: rioters attacked government offices, chanted pro-Nasser slogans, and called on Hussein to have the same fate as Nuri As-Said the Iraqi prime minister who had been killed and mutilated in 1958 along with the Iraqi royal family. "[52] West Bank Palestinians deviation from the Jordanian state highlighted the need for a revision in Jordan's policy, and Jordanian nationalists began to argue that Jordan would be better off without the Palestinians and without the West Bank. In the image, the Prince appears very tall,. The military earlier denied that Prince Hamzah was under . [51] Hussein described the summit as one of the best moments in his life. He was at the Summit of the Peacemakers with politicians like Bill Clinton. [13] [10] Curfews imposed by the Arab Legion did little to alleviate the situation and tensions persisted throughout 1955. [26] Hussein received a warm welcome after visiting West Bank cities afterwards. Russian Wikipedia. [65] Hussein initially remained neutral, but later expressed support for Netanyahu. [22] By October, the situation had calmed, and Western troops were recalled. [63] But when Hussein replaced his conservative prime minister, Mudar Badran, with liberal Palestinian Taher Al-Masri, who was in favor of peace negotiations with Israel, the Muslim Brotherhood Jordan's main opposition group, who at that time occupied 22 out of 80 seats in the House of Representatives, and whose members and support came mostly from Palestinians in the country vehemently rejected the new prime minister by voting against him during the vote of confidence. [67], Clashes between Israeli forces and Palestinian groups in Gaza and the West Bank surfaced. [85] The decision cost him half his kingdom and his grandfather's legacy. This will definitely open the door for questioning Islam and indulging in arguments about the Sahaba of the Prophet. The country had few natural resources, and a large Palestinian refugee population as a result of the 1948 ArabIsraeli War. [85] He was the region's longest reigning leader, even though he was subject to dozens of assassination attempts and plots to overthrow him. [50] Around the same time, Hussein became troubled after he heard that Israel had been selling American weapons to Iran, thereby lengthening the conflict between Iraq and Iran, both supporters of the PLO. [85], Hussein considered the Palestinian issue to be the overriding national security issue, even after Jordan lost the West Bank in 1967 and after it renounced claims to it in 1988. [50] Saddam was angry at Al-Assad for supporting Iran against an Arab country, Iraq,[50] and Al-Assad was adamant about establishing a union between Iraq and Syria, which Saddam rejected. . According to Hussein, he is a 42nd-generation direct descendant of Muhammad as he belongs to the Hashemite family, who have ruled Jordan since 1921. "[31] Hussein travelled to Cairo on 30 May 1967 and hastily signed an Egyptian-Jordanian mutual defense treaty, returning home to cheering crowds. [63] He called on extremists on both the right and left of the political spectrum to end their opposition to the peace negotiations, denounced what he saw as the Gulf countries' undemocratic nature, and called on Saddam to introduce democracy to Iraq. [8], The young prince started his elementary education in Amman. [98] The King was also a fan of race-car driving, water sports, skiing, and tennis. Born in 1935, Hussein became king at 18. [31] Egyptian general Abdul Munim Riad arrived in Jordan to command its army pursuant to the pact signed with Egypt. [63] The peace conference convened on 30 October 1991, with delegations representing all parties to the conflict, the United States and the Soviet Union as co-sponsors, and the United Nations as observer. [67] The King lambasted Netanyahu, with the letter's opening sentence stating: "My distress is genuine and deep over the accumulating tragic actions which you have initiated at the head of the Government of Israel, making peace the worthiest objective of my life appear more and more like a distant elusive mirage. [52], The orchestrators of the Intifada were the Unified National Leadership of the Uprising, which issued its 10th communiqu on 11 March 1988, urging its followers to "intensify the mass pressure against the [Israel] occupation army and the settlers and against collaborators and personnel of the Jordanian regime. [52] Nevertheless, the Hashemite custodianship over the Muslim and Christian holy sites in Jerusalem was retained. [52] Jordanian policy on the West Bank had to be reconsidered following renewed fears that Israel would revive its proposal for Jordan to become an "alternative Palestinian homeland. [85] He was able to gain his country considerable political weight on a global scale despite its limited potential. [50] In return, Saddam provided incentives for Jordanian exports to Iraq, which accounted for a quarter of all Jordan's exports, valued at $212.3million in 1989. As a member of the Hashemite dynasty, the royal family of Jordan since 1921, Hussein was a 40th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad. [64] Consequently, the IAF's seats decreased from 34 to 21 seats out of 80. [10] Britain, Turkey, and Iraq were members of the pact, and Jordan was pressured by Britain to join. [60] On Hussein's way back from Baghdad, Egypt issued a condemnation of the Iraqi invasion. [19] The alleged conspirators were sentenced to 15 years in absentia, but later on were pardoned by Hussein in 1964 as part of his reconciliation efforts with his exiled opposition, and were entrusted with senior positions in the government. "[67] Jordanian authorities requested Netanyahu to provide an antidote to save Mashal's life, but Netanyahu refused to do so. With a reign that long, it seemed almost inevitable that Hussein made more than a few enemies. Two men have pleaded guilty to a terrifying assault on a driver waiting to be tested for Covid during the height of the pandemic. [49] Two major Israeli incursions into Lebanon occurred in 1978, and the other in 1982, the latter conflict troubled Hussein as the IDF had laid siege to Beirut. [75] Doctors advised him to rest and stay in England for a few weeks, as he was still too fragile to travel. [61] Jordan's public opinion was overwhelmingly against international intervention, and against Gulf rulers who were perceived to be greedy and corrupt. [85] He was relentless in pursuit of peace, viewing that the only way to solve the conflict was by peaceful means, excluding his decision to join the war in 1967. [26] The first direct contacts between Jordan and Israel started in early 1960s; Hussein had a Jewish doctor named Emmanuel Herbert who acted as intermediary between the two nations during Hussein's visits to London. By now there were Palestinians and Jordanians, and their rights, their future was at stake. [67], Mounting opposition in Jordan to the peace treaty with Israel led Hussein to put greater restrictions on freedom of speech. As a member of the Hashemite dynasty, the royal family of Jordan since 1921, Hussein was a 40th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad. Bush, Jimmy Carter, and Gerald Ford. [73] Hussein, who looked bald and weakened, arrived and urged both Arafat and Netanyahu to overcome the obstacles. [2] He was enthroned on 2 May 1953, the same day that his cousin Faisal II assumed his constitutional powers as king of Iraq. King Hussein of Jordan: On A Knife Edge is the second of a two-part series telling the story of Jordan's King from 1952 to his death in 1999. [55], A UN-brokered ceasefire became active in July 1988, ending the Iran-Iraq war. Bowen 2003, p.26 (citing Amman Cables 1456, 1457, 11 December 1966, National Security Files (Country File: Middle East), LBJ Library (Austin, Texas), Box 146). [10], Egyptian President Nasser received an outpouring of support from the Arab public after the EgyptianCzechoslovak arms deal was signed in September 1955,[13] and his popularity in Jordan skyrocketed following the nationalization of the Suez Canal in July 1956; his actions were seen as a powerful stance against Western imperialism. [42] Unlike the unitary state that had existed between the West Bank and Jordan during Jordan's annexation of the West Bank (19501967), this plan envisaged two federal entities on each bank of the Jordan River. World: Middle East. [44], Egypt and Syria launched the Yom Kippur War against Israel in the Sinai and in the Golan Heights on 6 October 1973 without Hussein's knowledge. [88] Social indicators reflect King Hussein's successes. He was married to Queen Noor, Alia Baha ed . In this biography, the author tells how Hussein managed not only to survive but to flourish in the half-century that followed. Birth Place: [25] With a calmed situation in Jordan, the King issued his slogan "Let us build this country to serve this nation. [52] What began as an uprising to achieve Palestinian independence against the Israeli occupation turned into an upsurge of support for the PLO, which had orchestrated the uprising, and consequently diminished Jordanian influence in the West Bank. [20], The Lebanese, pro-Western government of Camille Chamoun was also threatened to be toppled by growing UAR-supported domestic opposition groups. [88] In 1961 the average Jordanian consumed a daily intake of 2,198 calories; by 1992 this figure had increased by 37.5% to reach 3,022 calories. [60] The Iraqi-Jordanian relationship developed into the Arab Cooperation Council (ACC), which also included Egypt and Yemen, on 16 February 1989, serving as a counter to the Gulf Cooperation Council. [59] Hussein had advised Saddam after 1988 to polish his image in the West by visiting other countries, and by appearing at the United Nations for a speech, but to no avail. [10] After a reign lasting less than thirteen months, the Parliament forced King Talal to abdicate due to his mental state doctors had diagnosed schizophrenia. [22] Golda Meir, an Israeli politician who would later become prime minister, was reported in 1958 as saying: "We all pray three times a day for King Hussein's safety and success. [90] The price of establishing peace with Israel in 1994 he had to pay domestically, with mounting Jordanian opposition to Israel concentrating its criticism on the King. Hussein of Jordan is the 728th most popular . [35] The loss of Jerusalem was critical to Jordan, and specifically for Hussein who held the Hashemite custodianship of Muslim and Christian holy sites in Jerusalem. Maybe others could, others who were distant, who were not equally aware or involved. [13] Hussein subsequently asked Suleiman Nabulsi, leader of the Party, to form a government, the only democratically elected government in Jordan's history. [85] He was dubbed the "fundraiser-in-chief": throughout his reign he managed to obtain foreign aid from different sources, leaving a legacy of a foreign aid-dependent Jordan. [22], In 1959, Hussein embarked on a tour to different countries to consolidate bilateral ties. [2] He proceeded to Harrow School in England, where he befriended his second cousin Faisal II of Iraq, who was also studying there. [64] Due to the close relationship forged with Rabin during the negotiations of the treaty, Hussein was invited to give a speech during Rabin's funeral in Jerusalem. Foreign policy In his new role, Abdullah continued to follow many of his father's policies. Also known as "The Butcher of Baghdad," his long reign was vicious and barbaric. [63] The 28-member delegation consisted of 14 Jordanians and 14 Palestinians. He is an actor, known for West Wing Week (2010), 20 heures le journal (1981) and Menschen und Mchte (1963). [50] The talks lasted for a day, after which no progress was made. [20] It also emerged in Jordan that the UAR was planning to overthrow both Hashemite monarchies in July 1958. In the picture shared with their 6.2 million followers, William could be seen chatting to Crown Prince Al-Hussein bin Abdullah II as he left the plane. [35] Around 200,000 Palestinian refugees fled to Jordan, destabilizing Jordan's demographics. Tribute to the Memory of His Majesty King Hussein Ibn Talal of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. [44] Sadat informed Al-Rifai that he had been planning a limited incursion in the Sinai that would allow some political manoeuvring. [50] Jordan announced a $1.3billion five-year development plan for the West Bank, in a bid to enhance its image in the West Bank residents at the expense of the PLO. [42] Ultimately, Hussein's proposal was ruled out after it was vehemently rejected by Israel, the PLO, and several Arab states. King Hussein I often publicly expressed his admiration. [52] Adnan Abu Oudeh, a Palestinian descendant who was Hussein's political advisor, Prime Minister Zaid Al-Rifai, army chief of staff Zaid ibn Shaker, Royal Court chief Marwan Kasim, and mukhabarat director Tariq Alaeddin, helped the King prepare West Bank disengagement plans. King Hussein believed in keeping peace and opposed war since he believed it was pointless. Hours after the death of his father on February 7, 1999, Abdullah became king of Jordan; he was officially crowned on June 9. However, Nabulsi then presented an expanded list, which Hussein refused to act upon. The crown prince, Hussein, was therefore proclaimed the new King of Jordan's Hashemite Kingdom. "[52] US Secretary of State George P. Shultz set up a peace process that became known as the Schulz Initiative. [6], Abdullah's eldest son, Talal, was proclaimed King of Jordan. "[25] But critics considered the slogan mere lip service, saying Hussein showed little interest in the economic situation of the country, unlike the military and foreign relations aspects. [7] Hussein's maternal grandmother, Widjan Hanim, was the daughter of Shakir Pasha who was the Ottoman governor of Cyprus. King Hussein of Jordan has died after 46 years on the Hashemite throne. [2] A Palestinian assassin opened fire on Abdullah and his grandson, amid rumours that the King had been planning to sign a peace treaty with the newly established state of Israel. [81], The UN General Assembly held an Emergency Special Session in "Tribute to the Memory of His Majesty the King of Jordan" on the same day. [43] The stalemate led to renewed fears of another war between Arab countries and Israel. [32] President Nasser of Egypt denounced Hussein as an "imperialist lackey. [49], In 1983 American president Ronald Reagan suggested a peace plan that became known as the Reagan plan, similar to Hussein's 1972 federation plan. "[27] The Palestinian nationalist organization Fatah started organizing cross-border attacks against Israel in January 1965, often drawing Israeli reprisals on Jordan. [80] The crowds chanted his name, some weeping, others holding his pictures. [55] Jordan introduced austerity measures to combat the economic crisis. [37] It is believed that Israel had wanted to punish Jordan for its perceived support for the PLO. [67] Hussein called American President Clinton and requested his intervention, threatening to annul the treaty if Israel did not provide the antidote. He died on February 7, 1999, Amman, Jordan. King Hussein of Jordan's Life Path Number is 7 as per numerology. Brockhaus Enzyklopdie. [15] A 3,000-man Syrian force started moving south towards the Jordanian border in support of what they perceived as a coup attempt, but turned around after the army units showed their loyalty to the King. Hussein of Jordan, King of Jordan. One had to do something; one had to explore what was possible and what was not. [13] Hussein was also supportive of the moves. As a member of the Hashemite dynasty, the royal family of Jordan since 1921, Hussein was a 40th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad.[1].